It is a participatory method to gather collect information by involvement of rural local communities for decision making and implementation of the development project, for the rural community, by the rural community and with the rural community. Participatory rural appraisal pra describes a growing family of approaches and meth ods to enable local people to share, enhance and analyze their knowledge of life and conditions, to plan and to act. The term rra is used here to refer to a discrete study or series of studies in one or. Pengertian paticipatory rural appraisal pra pra adalah suatu metode pendekatan dalam proses pemberdayaan dan peningkatan partisipasi masyarakat, yang tekanannya pada keterlibatan masyarakat dalam keseluruhan kegiatan pembangunan. Participatory rural appraisal pra as a method falls under the qualitative and participatory group of research methods. It is recommended by the author to be used as a cook book, where readers dip into pages and get a quick introduction to various aspects of the pra approach. Definition chambers 1992 pra as an approach and methods for learning about rural life and conditions from, with and by rural people. Application of the participatory rural appraisal pra method i pra method pra stands for participatory rural appraisal.
Part 2 describes rapid rural appraisal rra and participatory rural appraisal pra approaches and sets them in the context of community forestry. Participatory rural appraisal pra is an approach which encourage the community to share their opinions, ideas and experiences pertaining to the local problems, issues and needs. Use this part to gain an understanding of why participatory approaches are important and how they can be used most effectively. Pra is not only a participatory method, and it is important to realise that the use of participatory rural appraisal does not mean that participatory methods are being used. Participatory rural appraisal pra recently renamed participatory learning for action pla, is a methodological approach that is used to enable farmers to analyse their own situation and to develop a common perspective on natural resource management and agriculture at village level. Metode participatory rural appraisal pra merupakan perkembangan dari metodemetode terdahulu, diantaranya teknik rapid rural appraisal rra yang kurang dalam mengajak stakeholder untuk berpartisipasi dalam program atau kebijakan chambers, 1992. Rapid rural appraisal rra and pra participatory rural relaxed appraisal rra is an extractive research methodology consisting of systematic, semistructured activities conducted onsite by a multidisciplinary team with the aim of quickly and efficiently acquiring new information about rural life and rural resources. Participatory means that people are involved in the process a bottomup approach that requires good communication skills and attitude of project staff. Participatory rural appraisal, sebuah teknik evaluasi. The book vividly describes the methods of pra, highlighting the essential.
Role of participatory rural appraisal in community. Pra flows from and owes much to activist participatory research, agroecosystem analysis, applied anthropology, field research on farming systems, and rapid rural. Pra has more and more shifte thd e initiativ froe m. Some of the tools that would be used to achieve this were participatory rural appraisal pra methods for poverty mapping, identification of selftargeted activities and intensive sensitisation programmes through selfhelp groups. Rra rapid rural appraisal and pra participatory rural appraisal. The basic concept of pra is to learn from rural people. Participatory rural appraisal pra manual participatory programming provides scope for the unlocking of potential competence and optimizing available resource use in order to improve plant nutrition and plant health. The purpose of this manual is to familiarize users with rural rapid appraisal rra and participatory rural appraisal pra methods, demonstrate the applicability of these methods, and encourage the rigorous application of the methods to obtain the best results.
As noted in the sections that follow, these methods are participatory and qualitative and are especially valuable in gathering information that will provide insights about people and the communities in which they live. Pra has sources in activist participatory research, agroecosystem analysis, applied anthro. Pra dilakukan dengan lebih banyak melibatkan orang dalam yang terdiri dari semua stakeholders dengan difasilitasi oleh orangluar yang lebih berfungsi sebagai narasumber atau fasilitator dibanding sebagai instruktur atau guru yang menggurui. Tools and techniques used in participatory rural appraisal. Participatory rural appraisal approaches for public. During the 1980s, pra was firstly developed in india and kenya, mainly supported by ngos operating at grassroots level.
The process empowers locals by including them directly in the issue identification and evaluation process and, in many cases, in the final implementation and postconstruction monitoring. Participatory rural appraisal pra and pra implementation. Rapid rural appraisal rra and participatory rural appraisal. Participatory rural appraisal pra sp 6102 maret 2007 wiwik d pratiwi.
Planning of various interventions and checking the relevance of the planned interventions. Participatory rural appraisal pra tools were utilised and comprehensive community action plans, with gender considerations, developed. Reflections on rra led to the development of participatory rural appraisal pra, which had a stronger focus on facilitation, empowerment, behaviour change, local knowledge and sustainable action. Arnold schwarzenegger this speech broke the internet and most inspiring speech it changed my life. He further stated that pra extends into analysis, planning and action. Pra flows from and owes much to the traditions and. Jan 06, 2009 participatory rural appraisal pra methods, now known as participatory learning and action pla, have been extensively used in development research, action and evaluation. The manual is formatted for the experienced as well as beginners in pra.
Rra, pra, rap rapid assessment procedures, focus groups, etc. Rapid rural appraisal and participatory rural appraisal crs. Pra tools and techniques participatory rural appraisal pra is an exercise for communication and transfer of knowledge. Thus, pra is used to facilitate information sharing. Participatory rural appraisal pra methods, now known as participatory learning and action pla, have been extensively used in development research, action and evaluation. The acronym, pra participatory rural appraisalassessment, may look misleading at first because it includes rural although it can be applied to urban neighbourhoods as well as rural villages, and because it implies appraisal or assessment even though it can be carried past the assessment stage on to action planning and project design. Pdf pra is a way of enabling local rural and urban people to analyze their living conditions, to share the outcomes and to plan their. Participatory rural appraisal pra methods, now known as participatory learning and action pla, have been extensively used in development research, action. This approach emphasizes on local knowledge and help local community to make their own plans, analysis and appraisal.
Pra is an assessment and learning process that empowers. Davis, trl limited objectives of the paper abstract increasingly, the emphasis on rural transport research has been on the strengths and constraints of the rural poor in line with the sustainable livelihoods approach. Choosing partners a transparent, participatory method for. On the first day of the meetings women were divided into. Participatory rural appraisal and participatory learning methods. It is, therefore, a methodology for analyses, planning, monitoring and evaluation. Until today pra evolved so fast in terms of the methodology, the creation of new tools and specifically in the different ways it is applied. Participatory rural appraisal tools pacific climate change. Shall furnish reports as per existing proformas prescribed by director of panchayats and as may be prescribed from time to time. Pdf participatory rural appraisal pra module 4 andre. The twoday meeting took place on may 89, 2012 and was attended by about 20 women cockle harvesters and try members. The origin of pra as coined by robert chambers as an approach to development planning and as a method of. Participatory rural appraisal pra is a specific form of rapid rural appraisal rra, a research techniques developed in the late 1970s and early 1980s by the researchers in the international development as an alternative and compliment to conventional sample survey.
Rural transport knowledge base rural travel and transport program 20011 participatory rural appraisal edited by a. Literary translated, pra means to participatively understand a villagekelurahan. Participatory rural appraisal, the origin of pra as coined by robert chambers as an approach to development planning and as a method of investigation evolved from many different sources. This book is based on the author s decadelong intensive field experience each method is explained by drawing on fieldbased illustrations. This book is based on the authors decadelong intensive field experienceeach method is explained by drawing on fieldbased illustrations. Participatory rural appraisal by narayanasamy, n ebook. This book is based on the authors decadelong intensive field experience. It works in approximately 2,000 villages in south india, in.
As a part of this study the pra was conducted to collect local knowledge and the information on kartong cockle harvesting activity. Participatory rural appraisal pra, now known as participatory learning and action pla, with a repertoire of userfriendly, easytofollow methods, and with an emphasis on attitude. Participatory rural appraisal unnat bharat abhiyan. Planning workshop guidelines participatory rural appraisal for oysters sustainable use developed by ibrahima mat dia was used for this pra. Participatory rural appraisal an overview sciencedirect. Pra has more and more shifte thd e initiativ froe m outsider to villager. Part 3 outlines the rra and pra tools that are commonly used in. In this report we use the term pra, and we hope that it will be clear that pra is a process rather than an event.
Aug 07, 2014 participatory rural appraisal appraisal the finding out of information about problems, needs, and potential in a village. According to the terms pra represents a group of approaches and methods that will encourage the community. Pra closely involve villagers and local officials in the process. Rapid rural appraisal rra, participatory rural appraisal pra techniques are equally applicable in urban settings and are not limited to assessment only, rather they can be employed at every stage of the project cycle and in any country, economic and. The approach aims to incorporate the knowledge and opinions of rural people in the planning and management of development projects and programmes. Ppt participatory rural appraisal powerpoint presentation. Jul 14, 2016 the basic concept of pra is to learn from rural people. Participatory rural appraisal sage research methods. Pra participatory rural appraisal pra merupakan penyempurnaan dari rra.
It also reflects the early forms of participatory research employing participatory rural appraisal pra pretty et al. Much of the spread of participatory rural appraisal pra as an emerging family of approaches and methods has been lateral, southsouth, through experiential. Participatory rural appraisal food security and nutrition network. The term rra is used here to refer to a discrete study or series of studies in one or more communities, during which a. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. Pra, now used interchangeably with participatory learning and action pla, embraces reflection, learning and an understanding of power and. This a training manual based on the training notes which were compiled for a pra workshop arranged by noragric and redd barna in asmat, eritrea. Rapid rural appraisal and participatory rural appraisal a manual for crs field workers and partners the purpose of this manual is to familiarize users with rra and pra methods, to demonstrate the applicability of these methods to crs funded projects and to encourage the rigorous application of the methods in order to obtain the best results. Participatory techniques for community forestry a field manual.
Bringing this gradation of participatory practices to the attention of conservationists is a first step toward encouraging a higher level of local involvement, enablement, and selfreliance. Appraisal of natural resources in terms of status problems and potential verification of issues raised during other pra exercise particularly during social mapping, natural resources mapping, etc. Microlevel planning for rural development and participatory. Pdf manual for participatory rural appraisal pra in. Participatory rural appraisal pra is a methodology used for interactive processes of social development. It is a way of learning from people, with the people and by the people. Participatory rural appraisal appraisal the finding out of information about problems, needs, and potential in a village. The term rra is used here to refer to a discrete study or series of studies in one or more communities, during. Rapid rural appraisal and participatory rural appraisal.
In pra methods such as participatory mapping and modeling, matrix ranking and scoring, venn or chapati diagramming and wellbeing ranking, insiders can be even more in charge of the agenda and detail, not only free to participatory rural appraisal 1263 express their knowledge and values, but encouraged and enabled to do so. Challenges in selecting target villages in uttarakhand there is a high level of political awareness amongst the rural. Participatory rural appraisal pra there is no sharp line between rra and pra. Regardless of whether it is carried out as part of project identification or appraisal or as part of country economic and sector work, the learning by doing and teamwork spirit of pra requires transparent procedures.